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- The man who
- helped humankind
- begin the conquest
- of space was also
- the man who came
- closr to giving the
- Nazis the means to
- conquer the world.
- The charitable
- assumption is that
- von Braun was the
- kind of scientist
- who does not know
- the implications of
- his own genius
- #
- For decades space travel had been a commonplace of science
- fiction writing. For von Braun, the challenge lay in building a
- practical rocket that could carry a payload, be it a crew of
- astronauts or a warhead of high explosives
- #
- At university,
- von Braun came
- across the work
- of another early
- space theorist,
- Hermann Oberth.
- While he was
- still a student,
- von Braun joined
- a club of fellow
- enthusiasts and
- began building
- and launching
- rudimentary
- rockets from
- a site outside
- Berlin, Germany
- #
- The military
- potential of von
- Braun's work was
- quickly recognized,
- and von Braun put
- his know-how at
- the service of the
- Nazi war effort.
- It was too late to
- affect the outcome
- of the war, but
- Germany built up
- an early lead in
- rocket technology
- #
- In 1943, Hitler
- ordered a massive
- effort to build
- rockets capable of
- striking London.
- Von Braun came
- up with the V-2,
- which could fly
- at 3,500 miles an
- hour and carry
- high explosives
- hundreds of miles.
- In the last days of
- the war, hundreds
- of Britons were
- killed by his
- invention
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- Germany was
- defeated in 1945
- and von Braun
- handed himself
- over to the US
- rather than fall
- into Soviet hands.
- The Americans
- might have tried
- him for war
- crimes - instead,
- they decided to use
- his expertise to
- their own advan-
- tage and put von
- Braun to work
- building missiles
- #
- The Russians, like
- the Americans,
- benefitted in the
- space race from
- captured German
- technology. In the
- early days of the
- cold war they
- seemed to be
- ahead. Von Braun
- was placed in
- charge of the US
- space program
- with orders to beat
- the Russians at
- their own game
- #
- The space race
- grabbed the public
- imagination during
- the Fifties and von
- Braun became a
- celebrity. He was
- interviewed by
- every top paper
- and TV station and
- scientific honours
- were heaped on
- him. It was an
- astonishing change
- of fortune for a
- man who was once
- Hitler's top scientist
- #
- Throughout the
- Sixties von Braun
- developed more
- and more powerful
- rockets as the US
- raced to meet
- Kennedy's wish to
- put a man on the
- moon by the end of
- the decade. By
- 1969 von Braun
- had built Saturn V,
- a rocket powerful
- enough to take
- men to the moon
- #
- Von Braun's career
- ended as humans
- seemed poised to
- conquer the
- heavens. By then,
- he had perhaps
- contributed more
- good than bad to
- civilization - but
- he remained un-
- willing to accept
- that scientists
- have a moral
- responsibility
- for the things
- they create
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